The CAMERA OBSCURA is a Latin word for "Dark Chamber" which is a room or a box and no windows. Images are projected from the outside of the room onto the furthest wall inside through a tiny hole with a fitted lens. Consists of a box, tent, or room with a small hole in one side. When the image is exposed to sunlight, it can be projected onto paper and traced producing a highly accurate Image on paper. Versions of the CAMERA OBSCURA had became portable in the 1960s.
DAGUERRO TYPE
The DAGUERRO TYPE was one of the first commercially successful photographic process from 1839 to 1860 in the history of photography. It had been named after Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre. The Image was formed on a silvered copper plate and was produced through a chemical reaction. Between silver, Iodine, a Mercury vapour, and then "fixed" with a salt solution. Although it produced a clear image, it was only one permanent image with no multiples.
CALOTYPE/TALBOTYPE
The CALOTYPE/TALBOTYPE was invented by William Henry Fox Talbot. It was a new process produced a negative on paper treated with silver. The exposed paper was placed over a second piece of paper and then exposed to a bright light turning the negative into a positive image. Unlike the DAGUERRO TYPE, it was able to produce multiple copies of a single image. It couldn't produce as clear of an image due to the fact that the photo transfer resulted in smudging.
COLLODIAN WETPLATE
The COLLODIAN WETPLATE process was invented by Frederick Scott Archer in 1851. This process was the best of both worlds as it produced a clear image and was able to be multiplied. A clean glass plate was evenly coated with collodian during this process. The plate was then dipped into a silver nitrate solution, put into a camera and exposed. It was then developed right away and able to dry. If it were a circumstance in which the plate dried before the process had been completed, the emulsion of chemicals would harden and the photograph would be destroyed. Although it wasn't a simple process, it had outstanding results in the end.
DORTHEA LANGE
DORTHEA LANGE was a photographer and was best known for her Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration. As well as an American photographer and photojournalist. She was born May 26, 1895 Hobo ken, New Jersey, United States and died October 11, 1965 San Francisco, California, United States.
LEWIS HINE
LEWIS HINE was a photographer who captured pictures of children working in tough child labor conditions. Through his pictures, he helped bring awareness to childhood labor and it drew peoples attention towards the issue. His pictures are very moving and show how hard the conditions these children had to work in.
MATHEW BRADY
A photographer granted permission to take photos from the Civil War battlefields. Although the photos were tragic, people got to see what really happened during war and learned from it.
EADWEARD MUYBRIDGE
He was the inventor of the "Zoopraxiscope". It was a rather interesting invention that produced a series of images of a subject in motion. The images would appear to be moving on their own, when really it was the whole aspect of this invention. People then began to have a better understanding of human kinetics and the motion of animals.